cyber day 8

With the recent outbreak of COVID-19, many people around the USA and the world have been forced to adjust their personal schedules because of quarantine.  Especially student and teachers, who rely on the ability to be able to travel to school everyday.  For the last two weeks, we have been participating  in cyber school, which is a new experience for everyone.  In order for both teachers and students to be successful in this new environment; they have to be confident in there ability to handle adversity(especially now, because there is a lot); they have to persevere and do there work, whether they like it or not; and they have to have hope that we will soon return to school and our regular lives.

Cyber day 7

The Corona Virus, or COVID-19, is a virus that started in China.  Cases first stated to appear in December 2019.  The virus continued to spread throughout the world to all seven continents.  The spread of the virus was insanely fast.  Some countries, like many European countries, have it worse than others because of how dense the population is.  The virus is deadly for people who are older or people who have underlying issues.  Although the media causes mass hysteria concerning the virus, we need to take this situation seriously.

The plague that effected the Athenians was started in Ethiopia and spread northwards to Greece.  The disease entered Athens through its sea ports.  By the time that the virus died, one third of Athens population was dead.  The symptoms of this plague were very similar to COVID-19.  There was a bad fever, and the victims had a "unceasing thirst", which sounds like a sore throat.

Cyber day 6

King Philip II

King Philip II of Macedonia was the king of Macedonia from 359 B.C.E until he was assented in 336 B.C.E.  He was part of the Agraed Dynasty.  He was the father of Alexander the Great and Philip III.  King Philip II fought in the Third Sacred war.  When he was in power, he strengthened the military of his city-state.  Without the deeds that Philip II performed, it is likely that Alexander the Great would not be known.

Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great was a king of Macedon and was part of the Argead dynasty. He was born in 356 BC and succeeded the throne at the age of 20.  He established the biggest empire seen in history. 

Darius III

Darius III, named Artashata at first, was the last king of the Empire of Persia, from 336 BC to 330 B.C.E.  Darius belonged to a collateral branch of the royal family.  Darius tried to stop Alexander the Great when he was invading, but was defeated at Issus in 333 B.C.E.  Darius fled from the battle, abandoning his entire family.

Cyber day 5 #2

When Alexander was 12 years old, he won Bucephalus in a wager with his dad, King Philip II.  The dealer trying to sell the horse charge a lot.  Due to the fact that no-one could tame the horse, Philip  passed up the offer.  Alexander promised to pay for the horse if he failed to tame it.  Alexander managed to tame the horse and surprise everyone.  Alexander preceded to ride this horse for around 20 years.  When Bucephalus died in 326 B.C.E in Alexander's last battle.  In honor of the horse, Alexander named a city Bucephala.  The relationship between the horse and Alexander was very strong because Alexander was the only human able to tame the horse, therefore, it is almost like they are meant for each other.  Also, the fact that Alexander rode the same horse into battle for almost 20 years only strengthens the relationship between the man and animal.

cyber day 4

This week was not as hard as thought it would be.  There has been only about 2 hours of work everyday and I have a lot of free time to do whatever I want.

cyber day 3

People like Socrates would have a great reasoning for questioning traditional beliefs in this point of history. Up until the point of history that they are at in the video, everything was going well they way it was because of Pericles. But Pericles died and things were changing. Things were out of order, laws were getting harsher etc. The only thing that people like Socrates sought to do was to find a change that would actually work. Like everyone knows, Socrates was Avery wise Philosopher who thought different then many people.  Some people agreed with how he thought and others didn't. Socrates started questioning traditional beliefs because he knew that the way things were going at that point weren't working and there was way Athens would've survived if they kept up with their horrible behavior. What wasn't working was how people didn't have anyone follow or look upon for leadership because Pericles died. So there was no order. Socrates being as wise as he is was very smart for seeing that there needed to be change in how things were working especially because there was a change in the leadership as well.

Cyber day 2

All of the Athenians were behind the Athens walls and the plague was introduced to Athens. Because all of the citizens were in one tight space the diseases read quickly. The symptoms were caused suffering and the city was in horrible shape. There was so much terror going around Athens because the citizens were worried about being attacked and the disease. With the crisis erupting, the people began breaking all laws and religious customs. The Athenian society broke down because people stopped being good because the good and the evil were being affected by the disease. The plague killed over a third of Athen's population. Pericles got the plague and lost all strength, he began relying on magic potions to help him survive. After 6 months of struggling, Pericles died in 429 BC. Pericles planned to make Athens the best in the Mediterranean sea but his plan of close quarters brought death and disease. Pericles underestimated the power of the uncontrollable factors. Pericles was the strongest leader so after his death many other leaders tried to take his position. The other leaders did anything and everything to gain power. Direct democracy began "sliding into mob rule".  Because of mob rule they had no power to fight a war. Pericles plan to glorify Athens and make it the strongest only brought death and disease which led to them not being able to fight a war

Cyber day 1

1. Who was Pericles, and what were his goals for Athens?

Pericles was a 'wise and able statesmen' who led Athens through its golden age.  His three goals were to strengthen democracy of Athens, to hold and strengthen the empire, and to glorify Athens.



2. How is a direct democracy run?

A democracy is a government where the people have a direct impact on the government. The citizens rule directly without representatives.


3. How did the Delian League work?

The Delian League (or Athenian League) was a group of Greek city-states led by Athens its purpose was to protect Greek cities from Persian rule.

Western Civ day 26

A revolution began in 490 BC in Greece that changed the world. Between Athens and Persian, spread across land and sea that will last over a decade. This battle changes the course of civilization. Phidipidies ran from Marathon to Athens to tell the Athenians that the Persians were coming to attack. His quest was for survival.In the early fifth century BC the Persians were very strong. But then Athens started gaining power, threatening the Persians. The Persians knew they had to destroy Athens in order to win. The greeks are people who emphasize freedom while the Persians follow obedience. Themistocles  was the leader of Athens, he was very cocky but not many people loved him. He was a great leader tho and he was known as the savior of his city. He believed that Persia would attack again. Athenians were defeated by land but very strong by navy. The Athenians trienes were boats that were used as weapons for sea battles. In 483 BC the Athenians found a great amount of riches and wanted to divide about themselves, but Themistocles wanted to spend it on ships. The Persians wouldn't rest until Athens was burnt to the ground. Xerzes conscripted troops from every corner of his empire. They had 2 million men with he greatest force the world had ever seen, and they were soon ready to march. Xerzes was confident of victory, but when the Greeks realized they were about to be invaded they turned to their gods. They sent a messenger to find out their fate.

Western Civ day 25

• Athens was turned against itself: one half was the wealthy aristocrats while and the other was the regular citizens
• Greece had no plains unlike the other civilizations around it
• Greece was divided into city-states because of its mountainous ranges
• Spartans wore red capes to cover their enemies and their own blood
• Spartans had little to no possessions
• Helots were forced to work in the field for the Spartans
• Spartans had a yearly war with the helots to show how powerful they were over them
• Spartans wanted to die for their people because their lives were terrible 
• Homer wrote about two vicious battles in the Illiad and the Odessey
• Achilles was an honored Greek hero
• he was offered a long and ordinary life of work or a short life in exchange to go to war
• The Eastern Mediterranean was the greatest marketplace of the world
• Everyone was willing to trade for Greece's cooking oil (olive oil)
• The Olympics were founded in 776 B.C.
• The games allowed any ranked citizen to play, except women, who were not allowed to play nor inside the stadium

Western civ day 23

Socrates

• Looked to science and logic for explanations of how the world worked 
• The Socratic Method fostered critical thinking
• Had a famous quote- "the unexamined life is not worth living."
• Socrates was charged with serious crimes 
• impiety (disrespecting the gods)
• corrupting the youth of Athens 
• At his trial, he describes himself as a stinging gadfly, and Athens as a lazy old horse- he was trying to give Athens life 
• Did not deny what he had done; asked for free dinners because he believed that he helped everyone
• Found guilty by a Athenian jury, and was sentenced to death by drinking poison hemlock- body starts to stop working and you slowly die 

Plato 

• Plato was a student and follower of Socrates
• He wrote out Socrates’ teachings, and described his trial in the book he wrote; Apology
• Republic was Socrates’ discussion of justice and the ideal state - one of the most influential books on philosophy ever written
• Republic was the second book Plato wrote

Western Civ day 22

• The gods interaction with the humans is unique 

• Poseidon- (god of the sea) interfered with Odysseus trying to return home to make his look bad

• Brother of Zeus 

• Aphrodite- (goddess of love) had lovers of both gods and men 

• Archises was a mortal who fathered her baby 

• Dionysus- (god of wine) was a son of Zeus and of Semele (a human princess)

• Zeus- ruler of heaven and Earth; father of Athena; god of sky, weather, law, order, thunder, lightning, and justice

• Zeus had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 

• Athena- goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare, peace, intelligence, battle strategy and handicrafts

• Athena was born from Zeus's head fully formed (adult) and armored

• She was a patron of Athens (city named after her)

• Apollo- god of music, arts, knowledge, and healing 

• Zeus was his father

• Artemis was his twin

• Associated with the sun and his sister was associated with the moon

• Demeter- goddess of grain, harvest, and agriculture

• Zeus's sister

Western civ day 21

DEMOCRACY AND GREECE'S GOLDEN AGE

Direct Democracy- a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives
Classical Art- values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion
Tragedy- serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal
Comedy- contained scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor
Peloponnesian War- Athens vs Sparta- Athens had stronger navy and Sparta had a stronger Army
Philosophers- "lovers of wisdom"
Socrates- critic of sophists
Plato- student of socrates
Aristotle- philosopher who questioned the nature of the world and of human belief

NOTES

• Pericles led Athens during the Golden Age 
• Pericles increased number of public officials for a stronger democracy
• After the defeat of the Persians, Athens helped organize the Delian League 
• Pericles goal was to have the greatest Greek artists and architects to glorify Athens 
• The Parthenon was not unique in style 
• Greeks wrote 2 kinds of drama- tragedy and comedy
• 3 notable dramatists- Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides
• No written records of the Dorian Age besides Homer's stories
• Athenians and Spartans go to war (Peloponnesian)
• Sparta gains victory- marched 20,000 soldiers to Athens wealthiest city 
• Greek philosophers based on this 
• The universe is put together in an orderly way, and subject to absolute and unchanging law 
• People can understand the laws through logic and reason
• Socrates believed that absolute standards did exist for truth and justice
• Plato wrote down the conversations of the Socrates- famous work was the Republic 
• Aristotle came close to summarizing all the knowledge up to his time 
• Aristotle invented a method for arguing according to rules of logic

western civ day 20

I was sick